Understanding Derivatives Market

What is Futures & Options?

Futures and options are popular derivative contracts in the capital market. A futures contract can be on a stock or an index. An options contract is of two types, call (CE) or put (PE). A call option gives the buyer the right to claim a particular stock or index at a predetermined price.

What is Expiry Day?

All the futures and option contracts will get lapsed (Expired) on the last Thursdays of every month, and this day is known as the Expiry Day.
Also, the index (Nifty and Bank-nifty) options will have weekly expiry contracts, which will get expired on every Thursdays.

What is Weekly Expiry Contracts?

The index option contracts (Nifty and Bank-nifty) will have weekly expires

What is lot Size?

Lot size refers to the minimum number of quantities to buy/sell any F&O contract, and different stock's or index contracts will have different lot sizes based on their contract value.

What is a contract note? Will I get separate contract notes for Equity & Derivative Trades?

Contract note consists of all the trades (Transactions) made on a given day, and it has the purchase price, quantities, order number, trade number, and the charges which were levied on taking all the trades.
And it also acts as a bill that shows the exact amount that needs to be credited or debited.

What time & where can I get my contract note?

Contract notes will be sent to your registered mail ID when you trade on any of the stock exchanges and this will be sent by the end of the day, you can also request for the contract notes in Account > Statements > Contract notes from both Paytm Money's mobile app and web.

How are the turnover calculated for the F&O trades?

Futures: - The absolute sum of settlement profits & losses per scrip.
Options: - The sell value of option contract.

What are the market timings for FNO?

9.15 am to 3.30 pm will be the market timings for F&O segment without the pre-market session.

What is In The Money, Out of the Money, At The Money, Close to the Money (Moneyness) in options?

1: - ITM (In the Money)
a. Call option:- Spot price (Market price) should be greater than the Strike price. (Spot price > Strike price)
b. Put option:- Strike price should be greater above than the Spot price (Market price). (Strike price > Spot price)
2: - OTM (Out of the Money)
a. Call option:- Spot price (Market price) should be lesser than the Strike price. (Spot price < Strike price)
b. Put option:- Strike price should be lesser than the Spot price (Market price). (Strike price < Spot price)
3: - ATM (At The Money)
a. Call option:- Spot price (Market price) should be equal to the Strike price. (Spot price = Strike price)
b. Put option:- Strike price should be equal to the Spot price (Market price). (Strike price = Spot price)

What is Freeze quantity & how to handle the same?

The maximum quantity that can be placed by a user for F&O contracts in a single order is freeze quantity.
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Investments in securities markets are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing
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Investments in securities market are subject to market risk, read all the related documents carefully before investing.


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Attention to Investors:"No need to issue cheques by investors while subscribing to IPO. Just write the bank account number and sign in the application form to authorize your bank to make payment in case of allotment. No worries for refund as the money remains in the investor's account.


Prevent Unauthorized Transactions in your demat account ; Update your Mobile Number with your Depository Participant. Receive alerts on your Registered Mobile for all debit and other important transactions in your demat account directly from CDSL on the same day


Prevent Unauthorised transactions in your account; Update your mobile numbers/email IDs with your stock brokers. Receive information of your transactions directly from Exchange on your mobile / email at the end of the day "


KYC is one time exercise while dealing in securities markets - once KYC is done through a SEBI registered intermediary (broker, DP, Mutual Fund etc.), you need not undergo the same process again when you approach another intermediary.

"Attention Investors!"


1. Beware of fixed/guaranteed/regular returns/ capital protection schemes. Brokers or their authorized persons or any of their associates are not authorized to offer fixed/guaranteed/regular returns/ capital protection on your investment or authorized to enter into any loan agreement with you to pay interest on the funds offered by you. Please note that in case of default of a member claim for funds or securities given to the broker under any arrangement/ agreement of indicative return will not be accepted by the relevant Committee of the Exchange as per the approved norms.


2. Do not keep funds idle with the Stock Broker. Please note that your stock broker has to return the credit balance lying with them, within three working days in case you have not done any transaction within last 30 calendar days. Please note that in case of default of a Member, claim for funds and securities, without any transaction on the exchange will not be accepted by the relevant Committee of the Exchange as per the approved norms.


3. Check the frequency of accounts settlement opted for. If you have opted for running account, please ensure that your broker settles your account and, in any case, not later than once in 90 days (or 30 days if you have opted for 30 days settlement). In case of declaration of trading member as defaulter, the claims of clients against such defaulter member would be subject to norms for eligibility of claims for compensation from IPF to the clients of the defaulter member. These norms are available on Exchange website at following link:
https://www.bseindia.com/static/investors/ Claim_against_Defaulter.aspx
https://www.nseindia.com/invest/about-defaulter-section


4. Brokers are not permitted to accept transfer of securities as margin. Securities offered as margin/ collateral MUST remain in the account of the client and can be pledged to the broker only by way of ‘margin pledge’, created in the Depository system. Clients are not permitted to place any securities with the broker or associate of the broker or authorized person of the broker for any reason. Broker can take securities belonging to clients only for settlement of securities sold by the client.


5. Always keep your contact details viz. Mobile number/Email ID updated with the stock broker. Email and mobile number is mandatory and you must provide the same to your broker for updation in Exchange records. You must immediately take up the matter with Stock Broker/Exchange if you are not receiving the messages from Exchange/Depositories regularly.


6. Don't ignore any emails/SMSs received from the Exchange for trades done by you. Verify the same with the Contract notes/Statement of accounts received from your broker and report discrepancy, if any, to your broker in writing immediately and if the Stock Broker does not respond, please take this up with the Exchange/Depositories forthwith.


7. Check messages sent by Exchanges on a weekly basis regarding funds and securities balances reported by the trading member, compare it with the weekly statement of account sent by broker and immediately raise a concern to the exchange if you notice a discrepancy.


8. Please do not transfer funds, for the purposes of trading to anyone, including an authorized person or an associate of the broker, other than a SEBI registered Stock broker.


9. Pay applicable upfront margin of the transaction value to trade in cash market segment.


10. Investors may please refer to the Exchange's Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) issued vide circular reference NSE/INSP/45191 dated July 31, 2020, NSE/INSP/45534 dated August 31, 2020, NSE/INSP/45850 dated September 28, 2020 and vide notice no. BSE 20200731-7 dated July 31, 2020, BSE 20200831-45 dated August 31, 2020 and BSE 20200928-45 dated September 28, 2020, and other guidelines issued from time to time in this regard.


11. Check your Securities /MF/ Bonds in the consolidated account statement issued by NSDL/CDSL every month.


12. Precautions for clients dealing in Options

Clients/investors dealing in options, are advised to avoid practices like:

a) Sharing of trading credentials – login id & passwords including OTP's.

b) Trading in leveraged products like options without proper understanding, which could lead to losses.

c) Writing/ selling options or trading in option strategies based on tips, without basic knowledge & understanding of the product and its risks.

d) Dealing in unsolicited tips through Whatsapp, Telegram, YouTube, Facebook, SMS, calls, etc.

e) Trading in “Options” based on recommendations from unauthorised/unregistered investment advisors and influencers.